By José Anael Neves, Doctorate, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Santos, SP; Mick Lennon Machado, Doctorate, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Florianópolis, SC e Maria Angélica Tavares de Medeiros, Professor, Instituto Saúde e Sociedade da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
Brazilian researchers from the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Federal University of São Paulo and University of Brasília conducted a historical-documentary analysis of the trajectory of public food and nutrition policies in Brazil between the Lula and Temer governments (2003-2018), according to an article published in the 32th volume of the Brazilian Journal of Nutrition in February 2019, in a thematic session on the 80 years of the history of Nutrition in Brazil. The authors observed that the period was marked by changes in discourses, values and interests, from the implementation and strengthening of these public policies during the Lula and Dilma governments to a worrying scenario of a return to food and nutritional insecurity, hunger and poverty in the country during the Temer government.
Data, information and documents were collected through exploratory visits to the websites of government agencies, as well as from a bibliographical survey on a scientific basis. The data were organized into three macro indicators or periods, whose categorization sought to evidence the procedural, historical and social relationship of food and nutrition policies and programs: the Lula government (2003-2010), the Dilma government (2011-2016), and the Temer government (2016-July 2018).
Among the findings is the development of several public policies and programs of food and nutrition in the period, including the Programa Fome Zero (Hunger Eradication Program), Política Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutrição (PNSAN, National Policy on Food and Nutrition Security), Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA, Food Acquisition Program), Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE, National School Nutrition Program), Política Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição (PNAN, National Food and Nutrition Policy) and Programa Brasil Sem Miséria (PBSM, Brazilian Misery Eradication Program).
The authors draw attention to the different discourses around the public policies of food and nutrition put into practice in the Lula, Dilma and Temer Governments. While the Lula governments and the first management of President Dilma are marked by the centrality of the discourse against hunger and misery (VASCONCELOS, 2005), in the second Dilma government, in addition to the focus on healthy eating, there is the beginning of the weakening of public policies of food and nutrition (MOTA; MORAES, 2017). The Temer Government was characterized by processes of institutional and programmatic disruption, budget cuts and setbacks in rights that, in practice, meant the reduction of hunger, misery, poverty and the promotion of food and nutritional security (INSTITUTO DE ESTUDOS SOCIOECONÔMICOS, 2017).
Faced with the negative outlook for food and nutrition policies after the Temer government, the study warns of the need to create national and international instruments to enforce the human right to adequate food.
References
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VASCONCELOS, F.A.G. Fighting hunger in Brazil: a historical analysis from Presidents Vargas to Lula. Rev. Nutr. [online]. 2015, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 439-457, ISSN: 1415-5273 [viewed 22 May 2019]. DOI: 10.1590/S1415-52732005000400001. Available from: http://ref.scielo.org/2grrmf
VERDÉLIO, A. FAO lança campanha Fome Zero para erradicar a fome até 2030 [online]. Agência Brasil. 2018 [viewed 22 May 2019]. Available from: http://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/geral/noticia/2018-10/fao-lanca-campanha-fome-zero-para-erradicar-fome-ate-2030
To read the article, access it
VASCONCELOS, F.A.G., et al. Public policies of food and nutrition in Brazil: From Lula to Temer. Rev. Nutr. [online]. 2019, vol. 32, e180161, ISSN: 1415-5273 [viewed 30 April 2019]. DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865201932e180161. Available from: http://ref.scielo.org/cmtjb4
External links
Revista de Nutrição – RN: <http://www.scielo.br/rn>
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