Tag: Medicine

Pregnant women treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion have better glycemic control

Photograph of a pregnant woman with hands on her belly.

In a comparison of maternal-fetal outcomes among T1D patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or multiple daily injections during pregnancy, a higher frequency of cesarean and a lower occurrence of congenital malformations group were observed in the CSII. Adjusted results might indicate that these are influenced by glycemic control. Read More →

Central fat accumulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome evaluated by different methods

Stock photo. A person wears a tape measure around her body. She is wearing a beige underwear.

In women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal body mass index, both dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the adiposity indices, visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product, are the most sensitive methods to evaluate total body fat and fat accumulation in the central abdominal region. Read More →

Stratifying hypoechogenicity into 3 degrees improves ultrasound thyroid nodule risk stratification

Collage of four ultrasound images. Arrows point to the hypoechoic nodules in different degrees.

The analysis of different degrees of hypoechogenicity in thyroid nodules shows that the classification into three grades (mild, moderate, and severe) allows for better differentiation between benign and malignant nodules. The method can avoid unnecessary invasive procedures, in addition to improving efficiency and accuracy in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. Read More →

Electrocardiogram in the Pre-Exercise Evaluation of Children and Adolescents

Photo of a person lying on a hospital bed. He has no shirt and electrodes attached to his body. Next to the stretcher, an electrocardiograph producing a paper with the patient's heartbeat.

The electrocardiogram (ECG) has a crucial role in the early identification of risks, particularly in children and adolescents. Detection of cardiac alterations in 3.3% of asymptomatic participants, despite no personal or family history of heart disease, highlights the importance of ECG in ensuring the cardiac well-being of young individuals. Read More →

Serum magnesium concentrations one day after total thyroidectomy are predictors for calcium replacement

Graph. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for the magnesium concentration in the first postoperative day as a predictor of the need for calcium replacement.

The ability of serum magnesium (Mg) (measured on the first postoperative day; Mg1PO) to predict the need for calcium (Ca) replacement, was assessed in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy (TT). In this group of subjects, serum Mg1PO was identified as the isolated predictor for the need for Ca replacement. Read More →

Predictive factors for permanent congenital hypothyroidism was shown by a real-life study in Brazil

Photo: A doctor is holding a baby on an office table. She is smiling and looking at the baby. Baby looks at the camera and seems to bite a finger.

Congenital hypothyroidism can be permanent (PCH) or transient. A real-life retrospective trial aimed to determine predictive factors for PCH and verify its prevalence changes over time. It discovered the most important PCH predictors are the initial thyroid-stimulating hormone serum (TSH) and the blood spot TSH. Read More →

Homeostasis model assessment is negatively associated with the clamp-derived insulin sensitivity index in adolescents

Photo: a hand holding a glucose meter and pointing to a finger of the other hand. In the background, a glucose monitor.

The increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents is a health concern. Therefore, a valid and accessible method of assessing insulin resistance in this age group must be developed to monitor its progression and identifying adolescents at risk of developing associated factors. Read More →

HPV infection may not be responsible for prostate cancer, but it’s better to prevent

Photo of a man lying on a hospital equipment. Two health professionals are beside him. A metal plate is over the man's body.

Since effective vaccines against HPV already exist, understanding the dynamics between papillomavirus and prostate cancer is relevant because it can contribute to the development of strategies for prevention and early diagnosis, although prospective analysis does not clearly demonstrate a relationship. Read More →

Improvements in colonoscopy performance help prevent and treat colorectal cancer

Composition: photo of a person lying down being seen by three health professionals. Blue frame in the upper left corner with the text "Quality indicators in colonoscopy: Observational study in a supplementary health system" and link.

Colonoscopy plays an essential role in detecting and diagnosing lesions and tumors of the colorectal mucosa. The quality of the equipment used, the colonoscopist’s technical knowledge and practical skills interfere directly with the effectiveness of the procedure and an analysis of these indicators may reveal opportunities for positive interventions and the improvement of results. Read More →

Cellular regeneration process with porcine skin does not present risks of immunological rejection

Photo: Piece of pork skin, irregular shape similar to a rectangle, sort of yellowish.

Results of the analyzed protocol indicate the viability of the biomaterial for application in regenerative medicine, reducing incompatibility problems in graft and transplant recipients. Aspect and quality of the material obtained provided positive results in cell culture and proliferation, but the decellularization process still needs optimization to minimize hydrogel cytotoxicity. Read More →